In an earlier post I introduced the formula: phenotype equals genotype plus environment. In my last post I argued against ascribing selfishness to genes and that genes are not selected in isolation from other genes. The same applies to species, they are not subjected to natural selection as individual species. Nothing evolves on its own, species evolve together as ecosystems.
For some reason we tend to think of natural selection acting upon individual species (or individual genes). If a species (or a gene) survives loads of other species (or genes) survive with it. There is complexity and a dynamic to evolution, we do not observe isolated objects evolving.
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